Narrative Text
hello reader, would you like to study with me? how about we learn 'narrative text'? yes, it's a good idea. let's start it💪.
A. The definition of narrative text
Narrative text is a story with complication or problematic events and it tries to find the resolutions to solve the problems. An important part of narrative text is the narrative mode, the set of methods used to communicate the narrative through a process narration.
B. The purpose of narrative text
The Purpose of Narrative Text is to amuse or to entertain the reader with a story.The main purpose of a narrative text is to be able to entertain and attract readers (to amuse or to can entertain the reader).By being able to present a plot or story or an event that has a beginning in a problem which then creates a conflict and finally at the end of the story there is a resolution or a happy or even sad ending.
C. Generic Structures of Narrative Text
1) Orientation
Sets the scene: where and when the story happened and introduces the participants of the story: who and what is involved in the story.
2) Complication
Tells the beginning of the problems which leads to the crisis (climax) of the main participants.
3) Resolution
The problem (the crisis) is resolved, either in a happy ending or in a sad (tragic) ending
4) Re-orientation/Coda
This is a closing remark to the story and it is optional. It consists of a moral lesson, advice or teaching from the writer.
The Characteristics / Language Feature of Narrative Text
– Past tense (killed, drunk, etc)
– Adverb of time (Once upun a time, one day, etc)
– Time conjunction (when, then, suddenly, etc)
– Specific character. The character of the story is specific, not general. (Cinderella, Snow White, Alibaba, etc)
– Action verbs. A verb that shows an action. (killed, dug, walked, etc)
– Direct speech. It is to make the story lively. (Snow White said,”My name is Snow White). The direct speech uses present tense.
🍂 Generic Structure of Narrative Text 🍂
1. Orientation
Orientation is one of the first parts of Narrative Text which is located at the beginning of the story or in the first paragraph. The function of the Orientation is to be able to introduce readers or listeners to the various characters of the narrative story, the time, and the setting of the story.
This Orientation section can usually be written briefly and can answer the question Who?, what?, Where?, or When?
By answering 2 questions from some of these questions, for example Who? and Where? the Orientation part of a story that can already be formed.
2. Complication
Complication is one of the next parts of Narrative Text. This section is a part that readers and listeners are waiting for because it is in this section that a problem in the story arises so that it can make the narrative text more interesting to be easy to read and less boring.
In making Narrative Text, writers may also give one or more problems in this section so that it can make the text more interesting. Usually, a problem that arises in this section involves the various main characters of the text.
The problems that arise can be divided into the following:
Natural Conflict
Namely on a problem that arises because the actor of the story is dealing with the forces of nature.
Social Conflict.
That is one of the problems that have arisen because these actors face each other. They met at the same time with different interests.
Psychological Conflict
That is a problem that has arisen when the perpetrator of the story deals with himself. The contradiction between a good and a bad value, between greed and tolerance.
3. Resolution
Resolution is one of the next parts after Complication. In this section of Resolution, problems in one of the Complication sections are starting to be resolved with various solutions.
The solution to be able to solve or end the problem will not always be good and happy, sometimes there are bad and sad solutions.
In addition, there are also solutions to be able to solve problems that do not end the problem completely until the end of the story is hanging, making readers more curious. It aims to be able to maintain readers' interest in the story.
4. Re-orientation
Re-orientation is one of the last parts of Narrative text and is usually at the end of a story or in the last paragraph.
Re-orientation is also an option, which means that authors who wish to create this Narrative Text may or may not use the Re-orientation section.
This section usually contains various useful messages for readers related to the story. These messages can be in the form of a moral message, or teachings from the author.
5. Coda
Coda is a change that has occurred in characters and lessons or a moral value that can be taken in the story. This code also has the same characteristics as re-orientation, which is optional.
💐 Types of Narrative Text
1. Folklore or Folktale
Folklore or folktale is a type of belief story that has long existed in society.
This story comes from our ancestors and was passed on by word of mouth. This folklore is still being told today.
2. Legend
Legend (legend) is a story that has long been widespread in society and can be believed to be a history or believed to be something that actually happened in the past, it is generally believed because there is evidence of a legacy that remains.
3. Myth
Myth is one of the stories related to the occult, which tells the origin of a culture, which is usually associated with supernatural beings such as gods and so on.
4. Fable
Fable is a story that uses animal characters in it. The purpose of the fable is to be able to entertain the readers only, besides that the fable also contains various moral values to be conveyed, for example the attitude of helping to help and others.
5. Short Story
Short story or short story is one type of story that is fictitious or just imaginary. Anyone can make a story in the form of a short story because it comes from various results of one's imagination.
📌 Languange Features of Narrative Text 📌
To better understand the use of narrative text , let's dive into its characteristics.
🌳Specific character
In a narrative, the author will create a specific character as the main character in the story. Not only the main character, but all the characters in the story will be written clearly, starting from their name, shape, color and character. For example Ariel the mermaid, the dwarves who have different characteristics, Dana the brave Moana.
🌳past tense
Because writing in narrative text is a fiction or imagination, the grammar that is more commonly used is the past tense . Usually this grammar is very obvious if you read legends or fairy tales that have ancient settings.
🌳Time conjunction and adverb of time
As explained above, narrative text is written sequentially based on time chronology. Therefore, time conjuction is needed as a link for time, such as w hen, before, after, and others to explain the chronology of an event. Meanwhile, adverb of time is needed in writing narrative text with the aim of showing the time when an event occurs, for example o nce upon a time, one day, and others.
🌳Action verb
The use of action verbs in narrative text is one of the characteristics that need to be remembered. This action verb is a verb that shows an action by a character. Due to the grammar used in narrative text form of the past tense, the action verb is also written in the form of a second, for example l aughed, cried, walked, swam, said, married, and others.
🌳Direct speech
If you read a narrative, you will definitely notice that there are quotes taken from the conversations of characters in the story. This is also known as direct speech . It is very important to write dialogue between characters so that important information can be conveyed attractively and the story will be more 'alive'. In addition, this will also make it easier for readers to understand the contents of the story.
Next, this is video materials about narrative text...
One day, a young traveler arrived in the kingdom.He was called Ajisaka. Ajisaka took shelter in the house of a widow who quickly came to look upon the young man as her own son. When he heard of the king’s strange appetite, Ajisaka sympathized with the villagers’ plight and immediately volunteered to become the king’s next meal.
Ajisaka went directly to the king’s palace.“I am willing to be your next meal. Your Highnees. However, I have a request.“ said Aji Saka to the king. “Whatever you please, young man, I will grant your request,“ the king replied. “Before you eat me, grant me some land. Just enough length of my own headcloth.“ continued Aji Saka. “Come, Young Man. Let’s measure your headcloth so that I can have my meal and you can have your land“ agreed the king.
Ajisaka began to unwrap the cloth tied around his head. The king got down from his throne and hold one end of the headcloth. He stepped backward. What he didn’t know was that this headcloth was much longer. The king kept going backward, step by step, as the cloth kept unraveling. He stepped backward through the palace square, backward across the village, holding the end of Ajisaka’s headcloth. The king kept stepping backward until reached the sea cliftts of the sea.
A great crowd of people had gathered. They held their breath as their king took his final step backward over the cliff’s edge and plunged into the waves crashing againts the rocks at the foot of the sea wall.
2. Fable
An Ugly Chick
Orientation
One day, at the farm there was a hen with her 7 eggs. The one of those eggs was too big for the usual hen’s egg. The hen did not understand how she had that egg but she still took care of it.
Complication
At one morning, all of those eggs cracked. There were six cute yellow chicks and one big black and ugly chick.
The mother did not understand why one of his chicks was too big and black and ugly. That ugly chick also grew too fast than the other six chicks.
All chicken at that farm laughed at that ugly chick and every day they mocked him.
That ugly chick was so sad. He felt different and ugly and he was so shy of his appearance.
One day, the ugly chick decided to run away from the farm.
He asked the other bird about his kind but there was no bird knew about him. He was more and more sad and lonely.
He walked slowly near the river to get food. He saw his appearance at the river and it was true that he was so ugly and different from the other chicks.
When the ugly chick went alone, a man come and caught him. The man took it home and kept it in a stall.
Every day that man gave some food and water for that ugly chick. He was saved actually but he felt alone inside that stall.
He can see the other chicken outside the stall. He did not understand why that man did not release him outside the stall.
The chick grew bigger and he did not know how long he had been in the stall so far.
He did not know yet how he looked like after he grew bigger.
What he knew was that all chickens on that farm were afraid of him. That made him became more and more sad and felt ugly.
One day, the man released him outside that stall because its stall was not enough for his size.
He can feel a little bit happier because finally he could walk around.
Resolution
He saw a big and beautiful bird came close to him. That bird was as big as him and has so very beautiful feather. He was afraid and the he run away.
Near the pool at that farm, finally he can see his appearance. He was the same with the big bird he had seen before.
Then he understood that he was not a chicken but a bird. Then he came to that bird and asked about his kind. He told all of his sad stories to that bird.
Finally, he knew that he was a peacock and he was happy because he was not alone and ugly anymore. He was a beautiful peacock with his new family.
3. Legend
The Legend of Surabaya
A long time ago, there were two animals, Sura and Baya. Sura was the name of a shark and Baya was a crocodile. They lived in a sea.
Once Sura and Baya were looking for some food. Suddenly, Baya saw a goat “Yummy, this is my lunch,” said Baya. “No way! This is my lunch. You are greedy” said Sura. Then they fought for the goat. After several hours, they were very tired.
Feeling tired of fighting, they lived in the different places. Sura lived in the water and Baya lived in the land. The border was the beach, so they would never fight again.
One day, Sura went to the land and looked for some food in the river. He was very hungry and there was not much food in the sea. Baya was very angry when he knew that Sura broke the promise. They fought again.
They both hit each other. Sura bit Baya’s tail. Baya did the same thing to Sura. He bit very hard until Sura finally gave up and went back to the sea. Baya was happy.
4. Folk tale
Golden Eggs
Long time ago a remote village, in central China was inhabited mainly with farmers and hunters.
One day, a poor farmer lost his entire livestock to flood. He prayed hard to God for help or his family would die of starvation.
Few days later, an old man with long grey beard, passed by his house took pity on him.
He gave him a goose and said “ I don’t have any expensive thing to give you and hope this goose will help you to ease your hardship.” A week later to almost surprise the farmer found and egg in his yard.
This was no ordinary egg. It was a golden egg. He was suddenly overcome with joy. Thereafter, his livelihood had rapidly improved but the farmer had forgotten his earlier hardship.
He became lazy, arrogant and spendthrift. Strangely, the goose only laid one golden egg every six months.
The greedy farmer lost his patient and slaughtered his goose thinking there were plenty of golden eggs inside its stomach. Though he very much regretted for his foolishness, it’s already too late.
5. Fairy tales
Thumbelina
Once upon a time, there was a kind woman who had no children, longed for a baby and would often say, “How I would love to have a baby girl, even a tiny little one.” A beautiful fairy heard her wish one day, and gave her a little seed to plant in a flowerpot.
When the seed bloomed into a tulip, the woman saw a tiny, beautiful girl inside, no bigger than her thumb. She decided to call her Thumbelina.
She was so small that she had a walnut shell for a bed and used petals as a blanket. Then, an ugly toad fell in love with Thumbelina.
One night when she was sleeping, he carried her off to his lily pad in a pond. Thumbelina was very unhappy. A swallow was passing by and saw how sad she looked, and said, “Come south with me to warmer lands.”
Young Thumbelina flew away on the swallow’s back. They flew across the seas and came to a land of sunshine. The swallow said, ” This is my home.
You can live in one of the loveliest and biggest flowers.” When Thumbelina stepped inside, she found a handsome fairy, as tiny as her, in its heart.
He was the son of the king of flowers and he fell in love with Thumbelina. He asked her to marry him. So Thumbelina became queen of the flowers and the two lived happily ever after.
For more details about Narrative Text, readers can see the video below
Example :
True Friends
Once upon a time, there were two close friends who were walking through the forest together. They knew that anything dangerous can happen any time in the forest. So they promised each other that they would always be together in any case of danger.
Suddenly, they saw a large bear getting closer toward them. One of them climbed a nearby tree at once. But unfortunately the other one did not know how to climb up the tree. So being led by his common sense, he lay down on the ground breathless and pretended to be a dead man.
The bear came near the one who was lying on the ground. It smelt in his ears, and slowly left the place because the bears do not want to touch the dead creatures. After that, the friend on the tree came down and asked his friend that was on the ground, “Friend, what did the bear whisper into your ears?” The other friend replied, “Just now the bear advised me not to believe a false friend”.
Moral of the Story – A true friend in need is a friend indeed.
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